claim VAT back on parking in Italy

Parking in Italy falls under the refund scheme for means of transport

VAT on parking costs paid by a Dutch entrepreneur in Italy for a business-used means of transport is in principle eligible for refund via the Tax and Customs Administration portal. Parking, like tolls, fuel and maintenance, is one of the cost categories related to means of transport that Directive 2008/9/EC distinguishes. So it is not a separate, exceptional category, but one of the items that are routinely included when receipts are classified according to EU cost categories.

Whether Italy actually refunds VAT on those cost categories in full is a separate question, and each country answers it for itself. For means of transport, there are often more restrictions in the EU than for other cost categories: some countries exclude certain car-related costs or refund them only partially, while parking and tolls may stand apart from these. Which exclusions or limitations Italy specifically applies are listed per cost category in the Tax and Customs Administration Requirements list